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Health Canada recently completed its review of the health risks associated with enteric viruses in drinking water. Viruses that can multiply in the gastrointestinal tract of humans or animals are known as “enteric viruses.” There are more than 140 enteric virus serotypes known to infect humans. Most viruses also infect only certain types of cells within a host consequently, the health effects associated with a viral infection vary widely. In general, viruses are host specific, which means that viruses that infect animals or plants do not usually infect humans, although a small number of enteric viruses have been detected in both humans and animals. Viruses are extremely small microorganisms that are incapable of replicating outside a host cell. Treatment technologies and watershed or wellhead protection measures known to reduce the risk of waterborne illness should be implemented and maintained if source water is subject to faecal contamination or if enteric viruses have been responsible for past waterborne outbreaks. Methods currently available for the detection of enteric viruses are not feasible for routine monitoring. Depending on the source water quality, a greater log reduction may be required. The proposed guideline for enteric viruses in drinking water is a health-based treatment goal of a minimum 4 log removal and/or inactivation of enteric viruses. Overview and Application 1.0 Proposed guideline This document should be considered as a draft for comment only. It should be noted that this guideline technical document on enteric viruses in drinking water will be revised following evaluation of comments received, and a drinking water guideline will be established, if required. Authors who do not want their name and affiliation shared with their CDW member should provide a statement to this effect along with their comments. All comments must be received by December 29, 2017.Ĭomments received as part of this consultation will be shared with the appropriate CDW member, along with the name and affiliation of their author. Comments can be sent to the CDW Secretariat via email at If this is not feasible, comments may be sent by mail to the CDW Secretariat, Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Avenue West, A.L. Comments are appreciated, with accompanying rationale, where required.
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The CDW has requested that this document be made available to the public and open for comment.
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This updated document proposes to maintain the health-based treatment goal of a minimum 4-log removal and/or inactivation of enteric viruses, but also indicates that a greater log reduction may be required, depending on the source water quality. They are not practical for routine monitoring in drinking water because of methodological and The 2011 document recognized that although there are methods capable of detecting and measuring viruses in drinking water, The existing guideline on enteric viruses, last updated in 2011, established a health-based treatment goal of a minimum 4-log reduction of enteric viruses. The purpose of this consultation is to solicit comments on the proposed guideline, on the approach used for its development and on the potential economic costs of implementing it, as well as to determine the availability of additional exposure data. The Federal-Provincial-Territorial Committee on Drinking Water (CDW) has assessed the available information on enteric viruses with the intent of updating the current drinking water guideline and guideline technical document on enteric viruses in drinking water. Selected viral outbreaks related to drinking water (1971–2012) Occurrence of enteric viruses in drinking water in Canada and the U.S. Occurrence of enteric viruses in groundwater in Canada and the U.S. Occurrence of enteric viruses in surface waters in Canada and the U.S. Characteristics of waterborne human enteric viruses 8.3.2.1 Source water concentration estimates.8.3 Quantitative microbial risk assessment approach.7.1.2.5 Physical log removal credits for treatment barriers.5.6 Relationship to indicator organisms.4.7 Potential emerging viruses in drinking water.Prepared by the Federal-Provincial-Territorial Committee on Drinking Waterĭocument for Public Consultation Table of Contents